The article addresses the issue of the institutional transition of the criminal enforcement system of Ukraine into a penitentiary system through the implementation of transformational processes aimed at building a new model during the period of Ukraine’s reconstruction. It is substantiated that this transformational process of developing a new model in the period of post-war recovery is one of the priority areas of activity of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine.

Among the relevant theoretical and practical issues of forming a new model of the penitentiary system during Ukraine’s reconstruction, a number of problems are identified, the solution of which is expected to have a positive impact on the new penitentiary model. These include:

1. legislative updating of the “transition concept” from the criminal enforcement system of Ukraine to a penitentiary system;
2. assessment of the state of medical and sanitary care for convicts in penitentiary institutions of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine;
3. analysis of the conditions for the execution and serving of criminal sentences in penitentiary institutions of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine;
4. evaluation of the impact of social correction measures on the socialization, resocialization, and reintegration of convicts.

It is proved that addressing these issues will constitute an additional step toward: eliminating the causes and conditions that give rise to applications by convicts to the European Court of Human Rights; introducing innovative and digital technologies into the activities of penitentiary institutions, as well as incorporating the achievements of domestic scholars of both theoretical and practical orientation; transforming the relationships between staff and convicts based on a balance of interests, taking into account the recommendations of the European Prison Rules; improving the system of incentives for convicts to encourage lawful behavior and resocialization through the introduction of a gradual change in detention conditions, the development and implementation of rehabilitation programs, and the establishment of effective cooperation between penitentiary institutions and local self-government bodies, public and religious organizations.

Key words: reform, criminal enforcement transformation, penitentiary system, martial law, correction, resocialization, reintegration, material and living conditions, medical and sanitary care, convict, staff, places of detention.

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